The Arab nation passed through long eras in which the word was dispersed, which allowed foreign powers, including Persians and Romans, to control important and vital parts of the Arab land. The Persians controlled Iraq and the Arabian Gulf, while the Romans took control of the Levant and Egypt, and the foreign presence resulted in the rise of Arab awareness to counter this The challenge was represented by the collision of the Arab kingdoms on the outskirts of the Arabian Peninsula with the Sasanian and Byzantine states, and that was an expression of confronting these foreign powers, and the most prominent of which was the battle of Dhi Qar in which the Arabs won over the non-Arabs, and the Holy Prophet (PBUH) blessed them by saying (This is the first day in which the Arab Arabs did justice) . This challenge and civilizational advancement developed with the emergence of Islam, as the Islamic faith pushed the Arabs to jihad and liberation after uniting the Arabs into one state and a unified belief. The great Arab battles against the Persians and the Romans continued, especially the first battle of Qadisiyah in Iraq and the battle of Yarmouk in the Levant. In less than half a century, the Muslim Arabs were able to liberate all parts of the Arab world. . However, the factors of challenge of these foreign powers did not stop at this point. Rather, the Roman attacks continued on the borders of the Arab state, which they confronted with all determination and strength. On the borders of the Arab state.