S.Mriy, Mhdy. “Independence War and Appearamce of the United States 1776- 1783”. Adab Al-Rafidayn 43, no. 68 (January 1, 2000): 353–382. Accessed September 28, 2025. https://jamh.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/radab/article/view/33658.