Shamam, Hassan. “The Civilian Empowerment in Iraqi Society A Descriptive Vision in the Sociology of Restoring the Civilization University Student After ISIS: University of Mosul As a Case Study”. Adab Al-Rafidayn 50, no. 82.1 (October 1, 2020): 643–665. Accessed September 28, 2025. https://jamh.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/radab/article/view/32149.